Eric Nicholas K's answer to MM's Secondary 4 A Maths Singapore question.
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Date Posted:
4 years ago
Thank you sir. One more doubt
How to integrate 1/ax^2 +bx
How to integrate 1/ax^2 +bx
I assume you mean the entire denominator is (ax² + bx), so that the fraction of interest is 1 / (ax² + bx) instead of 1 / (ax²), then plus bx.
Now this is going to be slightly tricky, as we can't simply put the fraction as (ax² + bx)^-1 and integrate.
What we can do, however, is to factorise the denominator into x (ax + b), so that we get
1 / [x (ax + b)]
before we attempt to split them into their respective partial fractions.
Let 1 / [x (ax + b)] = P / x plus Q / (ax + b)
Multiplying throughout by x (ax + b),
1 = P (ax + b) + Qx
Comparing constants,
1 = Pb
P = 1/b
Comparing terms in x,
0x = Pax + Qx
0 = Pa + Q
Q = - Pa
Q = -a/b
So, our fraction becomes
[1 / bx] - a / [b (ax + b)]
which can be written as
(1/b) / x - (a/b) / (ax + b)
Integrating this gets us
(1/b) ln x - (a/b) [ln (ax + b)] divided by a + const
= (1/b) ln x - (1/b) ln (ax + b) + const
= (1/b) [ln x - ln (ax + b] + const
Now this is going to be slightly tricky, as we can't simply put the fraction as (ax² + bx)^-1 and integrate.
What we can do, however, is to factorise the denominator into x (ax + b), so that we get
1 / [x (ax + b)]
before we attempt to split them into their respective partial fractions.
Let 1 / [x (ax + b)] = P / x plus Q / (ax + b)
Multiplying throughout by x (ax + b),
1 = P (ax + b) + Qx
Comparing constants,
1 = Pb
P = 1/b
Comparing terms in x,
0x = Pax + Qx
0 = Pa + Q
Q = - Pa
Q = -a/b
So, our fraction becomes
[1 / bx] - a / [b (ax + b)]
which can be written as
(1/b) / x - (a/b) / (ax + b)
Integrating this gets us
(1/b) ln x - (a/b) [ln (ax + b)] divided by a + const
= (1/b) ln x - (1/b) ln (ax + b) + const
= (1/b) [ln x - ln (ax + b] + const
Thank you sir for your explanation