Christmas MT's answer to Jodi Lim's Primary 6 Maths question.
Age difference doesn't change, so we want to find "before" and "after" ratios such that the unit difference doesn't change.
From here, it is easy to see that 7 units --> 21 years.
16.
This one is easier. 8 years later their combined age will be 72, so right now their combined age is 56. Split that age into the corresponding ratio and work from there.