Egypt

1. Tendons and ligaments are similar because they both have:

a limited blood supply and low metabolism
an abundant blood supply and low metabolism
a limited blood supply and high metabolism
an abundant blood supply and high metabolism
2. What is the name of the outer layer of connective tissue on skeletal muscle?

perimysium
epimysium
endomysium
intermediate fascia
3. The functional units of skeletal muscle that allow it shorten are:

tendons
fascicles
sarcomeres
perimysium
4. In terms of muscle actions at the knee joint, the quadriceps and hamstrings are:

agonists
antagonists
synergists
none of the above
5. Skeletal muscle shortens when:

actin and myosin bind and slide past each other
it receives a signal from the brain
actin and myosin detach from each other
none of the above
6. A muscular force-couple occurs when:

actin and myosin bind and slide past each other
two or more muscles concurrently produce force in the same direction to produce one movement
actin and myosin detach from each other
two or more muscles concurrently produce force in different directions to produce one movement
7. When lifting the arm overhead, impingement of the subacromial space is avoided when:

synergistic actions occur between the pectorals and supraspinatus
a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and supraspinatus
synergistic actions occur between the lats and deltoid
a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and subscapularis
8. During a squat, your client's knees buckle inward as she ascends. This problem is most likely due to:

weakness of the hip adductors and external rotators
weakness of the hip flexors
weakness of the hip adductors and internal rotators
weakness of the hip abductors and external rotators
9. After a workout, your client mentions that he feels a deep, nervy pain in his shoulder that radiates down to his hand. You first course of action should be to:

explain that it's normal and no cause for concern
tell him to get cleared from a physician or physical therapist before your next workout
stretch his shoulder and see if it alleviates the pain
make a note in your training log to decrease the training loads for the next workout
10. Your new client mentions that he has left shoulder pain when pressing a 50-pound dumbbell overhead. During your initial movement assessment, what is the most acceptable first step?

Have him grab a 50-pound dumbbell and demonstrate the movement
Have him grab a 30-pound dumbbell and demonstrate the movement
Instruct him to mimic the left shoulder movement without any weight in hand
Have him squeeze a ball between his elbows
11. When a client with right shoulder pain has been cleared to exercise, which of the following steps comes earliest in the corrective exercise process?

Perform corrective exercises for the shoulder
Assess whether or not the client can perform diaphragmatic breathing
Show the client how to perform self-stretches for the shoulder
Perform corrective exercises for the neck
12. Your client, Steve, who you haven't trained in 6 weeks calls to schedule a session with you. During the call he mentions that he's been losing weight without a change to his diet, he's been having night sweats, and recently had a fever. You should:

schedule a workout with him for your next available time
tell him to get cleared from his physician before scheduling a workout with you
tell him to take aspirin and rest
ask him to call back tomorrow if he's feeling better
13. The purpose(s) of diaphragmatic breathing is to help your client:

achieve a state of low stress and improve ribcage alignment
help your client initiate the fight-or-flight response to improve strength
better activate the neck and chest muscles during breathing
achieve a state of high stress and improve ribcage alignment
14. What is one primary difference between an upper motor neuron and a lower motor neuron?

An upper motor neuron exits the spinal cord
All upper motor neurons are closer to the brain
An upper motor neuron is covered in myelin
An upper motor neuron does not exit the spinal cord
15. Your new client, John, has 3/10 right shoulder pain at rest. Last week he was cleared to exercise by his physician. After you take him through the first set of a shoulder corrective exercise, he tells you the right shoulder pain has increased to 6/10. What is the next recommended step?

Perform another set of the same corrective exercise and see if it helps
Refer him back to his physician
Move on to the next corrective exercise and see if it helps since he's been recently cleared to exercise
Have him immediately stretch his pectoral muscles
16. Your client, Sarah, was cleared to exercise 6 weeks ago. She shows up to a workout with you today and you notice that she's limping. She mentions that she twisted her knee playing soccer over the weekend but was hoping your corrective exercises could help her. You should:

have her perform a monster walk with a band and see if it reduces her knee pain
decrease her training loads by 50%
avoid any leg exercises that day and tell her to see a physical therapist in the future
explain that she needs to get cleared by a physical therapist before doing any exercises with you
17. Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

Store calcium and minerals
Provide interconnectedness throughout the body
Protect organs
Produce blood from bone marrow
18. Your client, Ryan, starting jogging recently and he informs you that his right IT band has been feeling stiff. He also mentions that his right knee tends to buckle inward when climbing stairs. Which corrective exercise is likely to decrease his IT band stiffness and reduce inward buckling of the right knee?

Lateral step with a mini band
Foam roll for the quadriceps/IT band area
Goblet squat with a pen/marker against each arch
Goblet reverse lunge
19. The two primary roles of fascia are to:

Provide separation between joints, and enhance proprioception
Provide interconnectedness throughout the body, and decrease proprioception
Provide separation between muscle groups, and enhance proprioception
Provide interconnectedness throughout the body, and enhance proprioception
20. Which fascial line travels from the bottom of the feet, up through the hamstrings, spine and posterior skull, and attaches at the forehead?

Deep front line
Superficial back line
Lateral line
Spiral line
21. A concentric muscle action occurs when:

the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the resistance force
the pulling force of a muscle is less than the resistance force
the pulling force of a muscle is equal to the resistance force
the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the force of gravity
22. For what primary reason is the gluteus maximus the strongest muscle in the human body?

It has the most lower motor neurons
It is the largest muscle
It extends the hip
It has no reflex actions
23. Considering the 180° of shoulder abduction required to reach overhead, how many degrees comes from the scapulothoracic region?

120°
60°
90°
30°
24. The human body loses its balance when what happens?

The base of support is not directly over the center of mass.
The base of support is narrow
The center of mass falls outside of its base of support
When a load is held outside of the base of support
25. When a client has poor motor control it increases his/her risk of joint pain and injury because of what two reasons?

Poor motor control puts less stress on the muscles and joints
Poor motor control impairs the smoothness and accuracy of movement
Poor motor control increases the speed and timing of movement
Poor motor control puts more stress on the muscles and joints
26. Which system contains structures and neurons that connect receptors within the skin, muscles, and joints to the cerebellum?

Somatosensory system
Visual system
Vestibular system
Balance system
27. After months of practicing a movement, an athlete is able to "automatically" produce that movement very quickly. This is due to the development of:

Closed-loop motor control
Neuroplasticity
Open-loop motor control
Sensory feedback
28. The process that underlies all motor learning is known as:

Neuroplasticity
Long-term potentiation
Open-loop motor control
Reflex actions
29. Which brain structure is primarily responsible for correcting movement while it's occurring?

Cerebral cortex
Motor cortex
Cerebellum
Brainstem